|
|
The Scientific Revolution |
Match the following with their accomplishments.
___ 1. Francis Bacon
___ 2. Thomas Aquinas
___ 3. Copernicus
___ 4. Plato
___ 5. Isaac Newton
___ 6. Rene Descartes
___ 7. Galileo
___ 8. Kepler
___ 9. Bruno
___ 10. Spinoza
a. ancient philosopher, whose writings were rediscovered during the Renaissance, who taught that reality lay beyond appearances
b. English empiricist who argued that science must be open and free
c. Italian astronomer who built a telescope and discovered Jupiter's moons
d. Italian heretic who was burned at the stake for his espousal of the hermetic theory
e. Polish astronomer responsible for formulating heliocentric theory
f. author of The Origin of Species
g. French philosopher who said, "I think, therefore I am"
h. medieval philosopher who adapted Aristotle's philosophy to Christianity
i. Dutch philosopher who argued that God was nature
j. discovered circulation of blood
k. English scientist who formulated law of gravitation
l. German astronomer who formulated three laws of planetary motion
11. Medieval thinkers supported each of the following concepts except that
a. Aristotle's ideas were totally incompatible with Christian thought.
b. The earth was stationary.
c. The earth and heavens were separate regions,
obeying different physical laws.
d. Matter itself was lifeless.
12. The Hermetic tradition may best be associated with
a. theories of heat conduction.
b. an earlier mechanical view of nature.
c. a magical interpretation of nature.
d. a complete disregard for nature.
13. Copernicus initiated studies that led to his revolutionary theories
because
a. there was a need to reform the Christian
calendar.
b. his father superior at the abbey instructed
him to study so that a great mind would not be wasted.
c. he wanted to refute some Protestant theories.
d. a colleague had challenged him when he was
teaching at the
14. One may conclude that Copernicus
a. made the earth just another planet.
b. supported the earth-centric theory of the
universe.
c. completely rejected the
Aristotelian-Ptolemaic system.
d. was widely celebrated by intellectuals for
his theories.
15. Which of the following is poorly matched?
a. Galileo-Italian
b. Copernicus-Polish
c. Brahe-Russian
d. Paracelsus-Swiss-German
16. Achievements of Kepler include proving that
a. orbits of planets are elliptical.
b. planets circle around the sun.
c. planets move at different speeds.
d. all of the above.
17. Historians would dispute which of the following statements?
a. By mid-seventeenth century most Catholic
countries had accepted the new scientific ideas.
b. The Inquisition continued to reject the new
science.
c. Galileo was condemned both for the Copernican
theory and for his view of the relationship between matter and form.
d. Galileo may have had ideas that would
question the doctrine of the Eucharist.
18. Galenic traditions of medicine included each of the following except
a. advancing the Aristotelian viewpoint.
b. concern for balancing the body humors.
c. pursuing bloodletting as a method of healing.
d. searching for individual cures according to
specific diseases.
19. Which of the following is correctly matched?
a.
b. Copernicus-The Starry Messenger
c. Bacon-Principia Mathematica
d. Vesalius-The Structure of the Human Body