History 102: Western Civilization The New Imperialism Short Answer Questions

1. The "second industrial revolution" refers to which period?
a.  1830-1850
b.  1850-1870
c.  1870-1914
d.  1918-1929

2. Of the following policies, which did governments show the least interest in pursuing in the period before the first World War?
a.  Military conscription
b.  Narrowing the taxation base
c.  Public education
d.  Social legislation

3. In the late nineteenth century the term Taylorizing meant
a.  mass production of once tailored garments.
b.  pursuing monopolistic goals.
c.  scientific management.
d.  establishing mail-order houses.

4. The origin of assembly-line production may best be associated with
a.  Henry Ford.
b.  James Maxwell.
c.  Gottfried Daimler.
d.  Karl Benz.

5. During the Dreyfus affair
a.  anti-Semitism was not a significant factor.
b.  Catholic clergy spoke of moderation and forgiveness.
c.  university students demanded that Dreyfus be tried again.
d.  Dreyfus's conviction failed and was never reversed.

6. A difference between the imperialism of the late 19th century and the older colonial empires was
a. late 19th century imperialism included much more active conquest and direct political control
b. the older colonial empires were based on commercial trade networks
c. revolutions in North and South America had resulted in the breaking away of many of the older colonies
d. all of the above

7. Socialists such as Lenin claimed that imperialism was an inevitable product of
a. religion
b. capitalism
c. technology
d. war

8. One argument against the economic interpretation of the new imperialism would be that
a. industrialization had resulted in the struggle for new markets
b. Europeans saw Africa primarily as sources of raw materials
c. Europeans and Americans invested mainly in Europe and America rather than Asia and Africa
d. Europeans colonized Asia and Africa in order to provide an outlet for surplus population

9. Place the following in correct chronological order
 1. the Berlin Conference on Africa
 2. the Russo-Japanese War
 3. the opening of the Suez Canal
 4. the Opium War
a. 1,3,4,2
b. 4,3,1,2
c. 2,3,1,4
d. 3,1,4,2

10. According to your textbook, the economic justifications of imperialism were inseparable from the _________________ ones.
a. religious
b. nationalistic
c. military
d. socialistic

11. ____ True or False: Social Darwinism had little effect on imperialism.

12. By the end of the 18th century, which European nation controlled India?
a. France
b. Britain
c. Spain
d. Germany

13. Native soldiers in India were called
a. aurangzebs
b. samovars
c. sepoys
d. decoys

14. Members of the Indian National Congress were mainly
a. upper-class Hindus
b. middle-class Muslims
c. working-class socialists
d. low caste pariahs

15. Until 1911, China was ruled by the ___________ Dynasty
a. Ming
b. Sung
c. Han
d. Manchu

16. The first president of the Chinese republic was
a. Chiang Kai-Shek
b. Mao Tse-Tung
c. Sun Yat-Sen
d. Chin Ho-Kelly

17. The American naval officer who opened Japan to the West in 1853 was
a. Matthew C. Perry
b. David Farragut
c. John R. Dalghren
d. French Forrest

18. The Asian country which became an imperialist power by industrializing along western lines was
a. China
b. Korea
c. Japan
d. Burma

19. The "sick man of Europe" was the nickname for
a. Turkey
b. Egypt
c. Morocco
d. Italy

20. The most rapid European expansion of the late 19th century took place in
a. Asia
b. Antarctica
c. the Pacific islands
d. Africa

21. Before the British took over in 1882, Egypt was governed by
a. the Ottoman Empire
b. France
c. Israel
d. itself

22. British officials like Gladstone who opposed imperialistic expansion were called
a. Tories
b. little Englanders
c. big cheeses
d. protectorates

23. Which of the following is an INCORRECT match of colony with colonial power?
a. Nigeria--Britain
b. Cameroons--Germany
c. Mozambique--France
d. Libya--Italy

24. By 1914 the only two remaining independent African nations were
a. Congo and South Africa
b. Somali and Angola
c. Liberia and Ethiopia
d. Ivory Coast and Rhodesia

25. The turning point of late 19th century European imperialism was
a. World War I
b. World War II
c. the Korean War
d. Vietnam